Sawadogo et al. 2023 - Packaged-water trace-metal transfer in Burkina Faso
Sawadogo and colleagues studied migration of trace metals from plastic sachet packaging into packaged mineral water under Sudano-Sahelian storage conditions. This is direct a1 occurrence evidence for packaged water, with additional packaging-transfer context.
Key numbers
The study selected 10 packaged sachet-water brands from Ouagadougou for detailed follow-up.
The abstract reports cadmium concentrations ranging from 0 to 9.7 micrograms/L in conditioned sachet-water samples and iron concentrations from 0 to 0.13 mg/L in packaged samples.
Table 7 discussion states that after six weeks of storage, cadmium was detected in all packaged waters studied. At 39 C, some samples reached 6.6-9.7 micrograms/L, and one sample was reported at 5.1 micrograms/L, above the cited recommended standard.
The paper also reports borehole-source iron concentrations of 0.10-0.45 mg/L, followed by changing iron patterns after packaging and storage.
Methods (brief)
The authors selected ten sachet-water brands using physical-packaging criteria and XRF screening, then measured BPA and trace metals in source and packaged waters across storage time and temperature conditions. Cadmium and iron were quantified in conditioned waters to assess migration from packaging into the sachet-water contents.
Implications
Certification: Direct packaged-water occurrence evidence. The storage-temperature dimension matters and should be preserved as part of the source interpretation.
Courses: Strong example of how packaging, storage heat, and contact time can change measured water contamination even when source water differs.
App: Eligible for mineral-water and packaged-water contamination context after synthesis.
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Verification notes
Recovered from the corpus-rescreen queue under the 2026-06-10 inclusion-by-default rule. Although the paper also emphasizes BPA, it contains explicit cadmium and iron measurements in packaged water and therefore belongs in HMI evidence routing.
Page history
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| Commit | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ae6c129 | 2026-07-01 | feat(auth): large login + role-based signup screens (design, burgundy) |