Study Design and Population
A randomized controlled trial conducted in Isfahan, Iran, comparing jujube fruit supplementation to control in lactating mothers. Sample comprised 40 lactating mothers (20 intervention, 20 control). Intervention group received jujube fruit for 8 weeks; control group received standard dietary advice only.
Metals Measured and Baseline Concentrations
Analysis included three metals measured in human milk samples:
Analytical Methods
Quantile regression analysis was applied to evaluate differences between intervention and control groups across different percentiles of the metal concentration distributions.
Key Findings
Intervention Group Changes (relative to control, baseline to 8-week endpoint):
- Lead (Pb): Significant reduction at the 90th percentile: −2.54 µg/L (95% CI reported)
- Cadmium (Cd): Significant reduction at the 75th percentile: −0.19 µg/L (95% CI reported)
- Arsenic (As): No significant change across measured percentiles
Population Context
- All participants were lactating mothers in Isfahan, Iran
- Study duration: 8 weeks
- Intervention: dietary supplementation with jujube fruit
- Outcome: changes in metal concentrations in human milk
<!-- BEGIN: hmi-page-history -->
## Update history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in [git](https://github.com/paleofoundation/heavymetalindex). When DOI minting comes online (see [[../docs/schemas/index.md|schema docs]]), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Change | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [bc84bfc](https://github.com/paleofoundation/heavymetalindex/commit/bc84bfc) | 2026-08-02 | major | 6 sections added; narrative text revised |
<!-- END: hmi-page-history -->