Overview
Source-grounded narrative on this page is populated incrementally from the routed source pages; the evidence-summary table is regenerated by the source-routing layer as sources accumulate.
Who this page is for
This page is for brand legal, retailer-compliance, and regulator readers who need the current literature record for Tea Infusions. It is a public evidence surface, not a certification-threshold table. Readers should use it to see which cited sources actually support this product row and to keep row fit, market, basis, and analyte species visible.
Methodology
This page follows the Part 6 product-page rules: values stay in the source-reported basis, non-detect handling follows the source, and analyte species are not substituted. Produce and food evidence is kept jurisdiction- and market-aware, with fresh, dried, canned, infused, or processed forms separated when basis changes. This page reports the literature; certification thresholds are set separately under the certification program, not on this page.
Literature Evidence Summary
Literature Evidence Summary
The table below summarizes what the peer-reviewed and government literature cited on this page reports for heavy-metal concentrations in Tea Infusions. Values are pulled directly from cited sources without re-aggregation. This page publishes literature evidence only, not certification thresholds.
Methodology rules for speciation, basis preservation, non-detect handling, and source pooling are stated in the Methodology section above and apply to every row below.
| Analyte | Subcategory | Reported concentration range | Detection rate | Applicable regulatory cap | Sources | Confidence | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb | Tea Infusions (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | No applicable cap loaded | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
| Cd | Tea Infusions (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | No applicable cap loaded | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
| Al | Tea Infusions (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | No applicable cap loaded | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
| tAs | Tea Infusions (no contributing evidence loaded) | No concentration data loaded for this analyte | Sample-level detection rate not reported | No applicable cap loaded | 0 | data gap | Basis not reported |
Source Evidence Inventory
Routed sources are still sparse, so this page preserves the product row and waits for the source-routing layer to add citations. At this synthesis stage, the inventory is used to distinguish direct finished-product occurrence data from broader dietary, ingredient, exposure, or review context. Sources that do not resolve product form, jurisdiction, basis, or analyte species remain visible here but should not be treated as benchmark-ready rows until structured extraction and routing confirm fit.
Broad Product Context: Author-Scope Index
Pending: regenerated by tools/evidence/apply-product-broad-context.mjs once broad-scope sources route to this page.
Federal/Regulatory Limits vs Field Findings
Pending: regenerated by tools/apply-product-crosswalk-sections.mjs once applicable_regulations are identified and field-finding evidence is pooled.
Levers to reduce contamination
The practical control levers for Tea Infusions start with product identity and lot-level evidence: keep the product form, ingredient contributors, market, and analytical basis attached to each test result. Sourcing and formulation controls should focus on ingredients or mineral/colorant/botanical inputs named by the routed sources, while finished-product testing remains the check on combined formulation, processing, and packaging effects. Where the current sources are review or exposure-context sources, the immediate lever is better row-specific occurrence testing rather than broad cross-category inference.
How standards math uses this page
This page reports what the peer-reviewed and government literature says about heavy-metal concentrations in this product category; it publishes no certification thresholds of its own. Certification criteria are set separately under the Heavy Metal Tested & Certified program at heavymetaltested.com, which reads this page as its literature baseline. The two are kept apart by design, so this page remains an independent record of the evidence rather than a justification for any threshold.
Historical recalls and enforcement
No row-specific public recall or enforcement synthesis has been promoted for Tea Infusions in this pass. Regulatory references on this page should be read as context unless a source ties an event to this exact product scope and analyte. Future enforcement prose should remain event-framed and should not convert source mentions into brand rankings.
Sources
Auto-generated from source-page frontmatter. The "Used on this page for" column is populated by the orchestrator's POPULATE-SOURCE-LEGEND action; pending entries appear as *[awaiting synthesis]*.
| # | Citation | Year | Type | Used on this page for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Muhammed et al. 2026. Determination of essential and toxic elements in black teas sold in Turkiye, Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | TR Al, Pb, tAs, Cd, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn occurrence in Eight black tea brands sold in Turkiye, analyzed as dry leaves and infusions |
| 2 | Szymczykowska et al. 2026. Elemental Composition of Japanese Matcha Powder and Infusions—Potential Role as a Functional Food in Metabolic Health, Beverages | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | JP/PL Pb, Cr, Ni occurrence in Two Japanese organic matcha types from the Uji region of Kyoto, Japan, single producer (JONA- and AgroBioTest-certified organic):… (n=2) |
| 3 | Elhassan et al. 2026. Heavy metals in commercial tea brands in Saudi Arabia, Scientific Reports | 2026 | Peer-reviewed | SA Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, tAs occurrence in Twenty commercial tea samples imported into Saudi Arabia |
| 4 | Masri et al. 2025. Assessing Dietary Consumption of Toxicant-Laden Foods and Beverages by Age and Ethnicity in California: Implications for Proposition 65, Nutrients | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | US Pb, Cd, tAs, MeHg occurrence in Cross-sectional online dietary survey (Qualtrics) administered between 1 March and 15 June 2023 to Southern California residents (adults… (n=186) |
| 5 | Wu et al. 2025. Cadmium in the Soil–Tea–Infusion Continuum of Selenium-Enriched Gardens: Implications for Food Safety, Foods | 2025 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cd occurrence in Twelve Se-enriched tea gardens in the Golden Tea Belt of southwestern Anhui Province, China (30° N), cultivating Camellia… (n=216) |
| 6 | Grzadka et al. 2024. Do You Know What You Drink? Comparative Research on the Contents of Radioisotopes and Heavy Metals in Different Types of Tea from Various Parts of the World, Foods | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | PL/LK/IN Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V occurrence in Thirty commercial true-tea samples imported to the Polish market from 2021 to 2023: black tea (n=16), green tea… (n=30) |
| 7 | Maciej et al. 2024. Assessment of heavy metal contamination and associated health risk indices in commercial herbal tea samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, International Journal of Advanced Chemistry Research | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | PL Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg, Cr occurrence in Commercial herbal tea samples purchased from Polish retail markets (n=48) |
| 8 | Öztürk et al. 2024. Determination of aluminium concentrations in black, green, and white tea samples: effects of different infusion times and teapot species on aluminium release, European Food Research and Technology | 2024 | Peer-reviewed | TR Al occurrence in Commercially purchased Turkish black, green, and white tea brewed in 5 teapot materials (aluminium, copper, glass, steel, porcelain)… (n=45) |
| 9 | Jurowski et al. 2023. The Control and Comprehensive Safety Assessment of Heavy Metal Impurities (As, Pb, and Cd) in Green Tea Camellia sinensis (L.) Samples (Infusions) Available in Poland, Biological Trace Element Research | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU tAs, Pb, Cd occurrence in 12 green tea (Camellia sinensis) samples randomly collected from general stores in 5 Polish cities (Gdańsk, Kraków, Rzeszów,… (n=12) |
| 10 | Kazeminia et al. 2023. Heavy metals and their adverse effects: sources, risks, and strategies to reduce accumulation in tea herb — a systematic review, Carpathian Journal of Food Science and Technology | 2023 | Peer-reviewed | As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Al, Fe, Ba, Ni, Co concentrations from the cited dataset (n=157) |
| 11 | Mohammad et al. 2022. Determination of Lead and Cadmium Concentration in Different Samples of Tea and Coffee Circulating in the Libyan Market, International Journal of Science and Research | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | LY Pb, Cd occurrence in Seventeen tea samples and eleven coffee samples circulating in Tripoli, Libya during 2018-2019 (n=28) |
| 12 | Qinghua et al. 2022. Prediction and Health Risk Assessment of Copper, Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, and Nickel in Tieguanyin Tea: A Case Study from Fujian, China, Foods | 2022 | Peer-reviewed | CN Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni occurrence in 91 Tieguanyin tea samples (500 g each) randomly collected from tea shops, supermarkets, and tea factories in Fujian… (n=91) |
| 13 | Qinghua et al. 2021. Dietary risk assessment of fluoride, lead, chromium, and cadmium through consumption of Tieguanyin tea and white tea, Food Science and Technology (Campinas) | 2021 | Peer-reviewed | CN Pb, Cd, Cr occurrence in 72 Tieguanyin tea samples (40 from Anxi, 32 from Hua’an) and 40 white tea samples from Fuding, all… (n=112) |
| 14 | Zahra et al. 2020. Magnetic Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Polythiophene as a Sorbent for Simultaneous Solid Phase Microextraction of Lead and Cadmium from Water and Food Samples, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Research | 2020 | Peer-reviewed | IR Pb, Cd occurrence in Black tea, rice, infant dry formula milk, and cow milk samples purchased in Yazd, Iran (n=5) |
| 15 | Erzsebet et al. 2019. Aluminium contamination of several types of tea, Orvostudomanyi Ertesito | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | RO Al occurrence in Green, black, fruit, and herbal tea infusions prepared from sampled tea materials (n=48) |
| 16 | Lee et al. 2019. Effects of food processing methods on migration of heavy metals to food, Applied Biological Chemistry | 2019 | Peer-reviewed | KR Pb, Cd, tAs, Al occurrence in Korean market oilseeds (sesame, perilla, flaxseed), noodles (wheat flour and sweet potato glass), and teas (Sri Lankan black,… (n=27) |
| 17 | Oliveira et al. 2018. Metal concentrations in traditional and herbal teas and their potential risks to human health, Science of the Total Environment | 2018 | Peer-reviewed | US Al, tAs, Cd, Cr, Pb occurrence in Forty-seven tea products collected in the US market, covering 16 herbal teas, 16 black teas, 11 green teas,… (n=47) |
| 18 | Brzezicha-Cirocka et al. 2016. Monitoring of essential and heavy metals in green tea from different geographical origins, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2016 | Peer-reviewed | CN/IN/JP Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe concentrations (n=41) |
| 19 | EFSA 2015. Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of nickel in food and drinking water, EFSA Journal 2015;13(2):4002, 202 pp. | 2015 | Government report | EU Ni occurrence in 18,885 food samples and 25,700 drinking water samples (final dataset after exclusions) submitted to EFSA from 15 European… (n=18885) |
| 20 | Li et al. 2015. A comparison of the potential health risk of aluminum and heavy metals in tea leaves and tea infusion of commercially available green tea in Jiangxi, China, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | CN Al, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb concentrations (n=26) |
| 21 | Mania et al. 2015. Toxic Elements in Commercial Infant Food, Estimated Dietary Intake, and Risk Assessment in Poland, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies | 2015 | Peer-reviewed | PL/EU Pb, Cd, tAs, tHg occurrence in Approximately 1,000 commercial infant-food samples collected from retail markets in all Polish provinces during the 2009-2013 sanitary-epidemiological monitoring… (n=1000) |
| 22 | Li et al. 2013. Determination for major chemical contaminants in tea (Camellia sinensis) matrices: A review, Food Research International | 2013 | Review | CN/IN/TR Pb, Cd, tAs, Cr, Cu concentrations |
Update history
The five most recent substantive edits to this page, classified major (evidence or structure moved), correction (a published value or statement was wrong and has been fixed), or minor (narrative rewritten without changing the underlying evidence). Each description is derived from what the edit did to this page; the linked commit is the authoritative record, routine regeneration passes are excluded, and the full version history lives in git. When DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.
| Commit | Date | Change | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| e317189 | 2026-08-11 | correction | 13 sections added; narrative text revised |