The impact of the 2019/2020 Australian landscape fires on infant feeding and contaminants in breast milk in women with asthma

Overview

Marker-corpus ingest from raw/markdown/FM_9947434/FM_9947434.md.

Evidence fitness

Human breast-milk contaminant source with measured element concentrations and fire-period exposure stratification. It can support breast-milk context for element detection/non-detection and smoke-event comparison. It should not be treated as infant-food product occurrence evidence.

Key numbers

• One hundred two women completed the infant-feeding survey.
• Seventy-seven women provided 92 breast milk samples; 29 samples were collected during the fire period and 48 outside the fire period for the cross-sectional comparison.
• Twenty elements were quantified. Calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, sulphur, and copper were detected in all samples.
• No samples collected during the fire period contained chromium, lead, nickel, barium, or aluminium.
• The source reports no statistically significant difference in element concentrations between samples collected during versus outside the fire period.
• Element LODs were 0.20-10.00 mg/kg milk for sodium, potassium, sulphur, iron, calcium, and magnesium, and 0.01-0.50 mg/kg milk for the remaining elements.

Methods

The paper quantified 20 elements using ICP-MS or ICP-OES. PAHs were quantified separately by tandem GC-MS/MS. Fire exposure was estimated using fixed-site air-quality monitoring data and smoke-day classification for the 2019/2020 Australian landscape fire period.

Implications

Use this source as source-scoped breast-milk contaminant evidence. Keep the matrix as breast milk and do not route it as formula, infant-food, or finished product evidence.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• Breastmilk
• Aluminum
• Arsenic
• Barium
• Chromium
• Copper
• Iron
• Lithium
• Magnesium
• Manganese
• Molybdenum
• Nickel
• Lead
• selenium
• Vanadium

Verification notes

• Manifest year was 2019, reflecting the fire event rather than publication; frontmatter year was corrected to 2023 from the DOI/source text.
• The paper reports element names without species-specific inorganic arsenic, methylmercury, or Cr(VI) claims; route total/generic element evidence accordingly.
• Brand firewall: no sampled consumer brand names are reproduced.

Update history

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