Zhou et al. 2018 - Pleurotus Metals on Biogas-Residue Substrates
Zhou et al. evaluated whether chicken-manure biogas residue could be used as a substrate component for cultivating edible oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). The study measured cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in the raw materials and in dried first-flush mushroom fruiting bodies across seven substrate treatments.
Key numbers
| Finding | Source-reported value |
|---|---|
| Highest mushroom Pb | 1.1550 +/- 0.0550 mg/kg dry weight in treatment T1 |
| Lowest mushroom Pb | 0.0550 +/- 0.0000 mg/kg dry weight in treatment T6 |
| Highest mushroom Cd | 0.1400 +/- 0.0100 mg/kg dry weight |
| Lowest mushroom Cd | 0.0550 +/- 0.0000 mg/kg dry weight in treatment T6 |
| Highest mushroom Hg | 0.0074 +/- 0.0000 mg/kg dry weight in treatment T6 |
| Highest mushroom As | 0.1650 +/- 0.0050 mg/kg dry weight in treatment T6 |
| Raw biogas residue before fermentation | Cd 0.0665 +/- 0.0005 mg/kg; Pb 2.6800 +/- 0.0500; Hg 0.0225 +/- 0.0005; As 0.6800 +/- 0.1000 |
| Raw biogas residue after fermentation | Cd 0.0635 +/- 0.0015 mg/kg; Pb 2.7600 +/- 0.0300; Hg 0.0210 +/- 0.0000; As 0.6550 +/- 0.0050 |
The authors state that Pb, Cd, Hg, and As in all dried Pleurotus fruiting bodies were within China’s Green Food edible-mushroom limits for dried mushrooms: Pb 2.0 mg/kg, Cd 1.0 mg/kg, Hg 0.2 mg/kg, and As 1.0 mg/kg.
Methods (brief)
Pleurotus ostreatus was cultivated on seven substrate formulas using cottonseed hull, wheat bran, lime, water, and increasing fractions of biogas residue. Three flushes were harvested; chemical composition and heavy metals were measured in dried first-flush fruiting bodies. Heavy metals were analyzed by an external testing laboratory, and results are reported as dry-weight mg/kg.
Implications
This source contributes cultivated edible-mushroom occurrence context for Pb, Cd, Hg, and total arsenic under experimental substrate conditions. It is useful for ingredient-level mushroom contamination and substrate-transfer context, but it should not be treated as routine retail-market evidence.
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Verification notes
- Batch 3 auto-fetched ingest, 2026-05-25. The wishlist row targeted mixed fruit, but the actual paper measures oyster mushroom fruiting bodies.
- Speciation: arsenic and mercury are total/unspecified measurements; do not treat them as inorganic arsenic or methylmercury.
- Basis: mushroom concentrations are dry-weight values. The authors discuss fresh-mushroom regulatory limits but note the reported mushroom data are dried fruiting-body measurements.
Page history
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