Okolo et al. 2022 - Chemical and microbiological quality of commercial fresh and frozen chicken drumstick in Umuhia, Nigeria
This study measured proximate quality, microbial counts, and selected heavy metals in fresh and frozen commercial chicken drumsticks sold in Umuahia, Nigeria. The occurrence data are usable for poultry-context routing, especially for frozen chicken drumstick values where several metals were higher than in fresh drumsticks.
Key numbers
Heavy metals were measured by AAS after acid digestion. Source units are mg/kg.
- Fresh chicken drumsticks: Cd 0.019 +/- 0.007; Cr 0.029 +/- 0.015; Cu 0.067 +/- 0.022; Mn 0.390 +/- 0.272; Ni 0.577 +/- 0.300; Pb 0.024 +/- 0.006; Zn 0.825 +/- 0.269.
- Frozen chicken drumsticks: Cd 0.094 +/- 0.077; Cr 0.047 +/- 0.017; Cu 0.117 +/- 0.027; Mn 0.117 +/- 0.040; Ni 0.852 +/- 0.456; Pb 0.074 +/- 0.034; Zn 0.828 +/- 0.457.
- The authors cite comparator “toxic level” ranges of Cd 0.012-0.04, Cr 0.01-0.3, Cu 0.05-0.8, Mn 4.0-4.8, Ni 0.3-0.5, Pb 0.01-0.1, and Zn 5-40 mg/kg.
Methods
The edible drumstick samples were digested using nitric/perchloric acid chemistry and analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Pb by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
Implications
The source supports poultry-meat occurrence context for Nigerian market chicken, with frozen drumsticks carrying higher Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb than fresh drumsticks in the reported comparison. It should not be generalized to all Nigerian poultry without preserving the fresh/frozen distinction.
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Verification notes
- Source identity checked against DOI 10.46676/ij-fanres.v3i3.113 and the downloaded PDF.
- Table II provides the routeable concentration values; values are preserved in mg/kg as reported.
Page history
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