Salawu et al. 2015 - metals in spinach and irrigation water in Zamfara
Salawu and coauthors analyzed Pb, Cd, Fe, Cu, and Zn in spinach and irrigation water from the Samaru Area of Gusau Metropolis, Nigeria. The source is routeable to spinach because it reports numeric concentrations for the edible matrix and its irrigation water. The study provides a paired water/vegetable context rather than a broad market sample.
Key numbers
- Irrigation water concentrations were Pb 1.639 +/- 0.0016, Cd 0.037 +/- 0.0021, Fe 10.046 +/- 0.0003, Cu 0.295 +/- 0.0022, and Zn 4.236 +/- 0.0017.
- Spinach concentrations were Pb 0.613 +/- 0.0009, Cd 0.022 +/- 0.0014, Fe 25.666 +/- 0.0011, Cu 1.934 +/- 0.0007, and Zn 1.842 +/- 0.0003.
- The authors state that wastewater values were higher than spinach values and that Fe and Zn exceeded their WHO comparator context.
Methods (brief)
The paper used atomic absorption spectrometry and triplicate measurements. The extracted abstract does not clearly restate concentration units; verify table headings before conversion.
Implications
Certification: Nigeria/Zamfara spinach occurrence context with paired irrigation-water values. Courses: example of irrigation-water contribution to vegetable-metal evidence. App: context only until basis and units are confirmed from tables.
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Verification notes
Numbers were taken from the PDF abstract. The source must not be mixed with dry-weight studies unless unit/basis conversion is resolved.
Page history
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