Song et al. 2024 — Selenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum mitigation of cadmium accumulation

Song et al. tested whether selenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum reduced cadmium-induced liver injury in mice. The paper is mitigation evidence for cadmium retention and gut-liver injury, not occurrence evidence for probiotic supplements or vitamin-mineral supplements.

Key numbers

• Experimental design: 72 six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups.
• Cadmium challenge: model groups received CdCl2 by intraperitoneal injection at 2 mg/kg body weight.
• Treatment duration: agents were orally administered for 4 weeks.
• Probiotic dose: live bacteria were prepared at 1 x 10^8 CFU/mL; each mouse was force-fed 10 mL/kg body weight of L. plantarum or selenium-enriched L. plantarum.
• Liver cadmium reduction versus cadmium model: L. plantarum reduced liver Cd by 30.8%; selenium nanoparticles reduced liver Cd by 23.0%; selenium-enriched L. plantarum reduced liver Cd by 49.5%.
• Nanoparticle characterization: selenium nanoparticles generated by L. plantarum ranged from 5 nm to 200 nm and were identified as zero-valent elemental selenium by XPS; EDX showed amorphous structure.
• Biological endpoints: food intake, body weight, liver coefficient, serum ALT/AST/ALP, lipid markers, liver histology, oxidative-stress markers, and gut microbiota were measured.

Methods (brief)

The authors isolated L. plantarum from sauerkraut from Ankang, Shaanxi, enriched it with sodium selenite, and compared plain L. plantarum, isolated selenium nanoparticles, and selenium-enriched L. plantarum in a cadmium-exposed mouse model. Liver cadmium was measured after microwave digestion using atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The intervention is a laboratory animal mitigation model and does not measure finished dietary supplements.

Implications

Certification: Do not pool the cadmium challenge dose or tissue-cadmium endpoints into supplement or food occurrence distributions. The paper supports a mitigation mechanism only.

Courses: Strong example of combined microbial plus selenium mitigation: selenium-enriched L. plantarum reduced liver Cd more than either plain L. plantarum or selenium nanoparticles alone under the same model.

App: No product concentration value. Potential future use is explanatory mitigation content, not product scoring.

Microbiome: Directly relevant to cadmium-gut-liver-axis teaching because treatment effects included gut microbiota diversity and composition.

Wiki pages this source may touch

• cadmium
• remediation-evidence
• formulation

Verification notes

• DOI, title, authors, journal, year, and license were transcribed from the PDF.
• The PDF is tagged by the fetch queue as supplement/probiotic, but the actual source is an animal mitigation study. Products and ingredients are intentionally empty so the cadmium challenge data do not route into occurrence thresholds.

Page history

The five most recent substantive edits to this page. The full version history lives in git; when DOI minting comes online (see schema docs), each entry below will also link to a version-pinned DataCite DOI.