Rice finding 1604
Source evidence and comparison details for the Rice profile.
Rice and rice products (EFSA category 01B_4 'Rice'; rice grain form not specified) · Lead (Pb) · 612 analytical results (rice sub-class).
Selected finding and reference
612 analytical results (rice sub-class). Basis: as reported to EFSA; MLs referenced as mg/kg wet weight.
69.6 % of rice results <LOD/LOQ; LB sets results below LOD/LOQ to zero, UB sets them to the respective limit (GEMS/Food, Section 5.4); results with LOD >0.1 mg/kg or LOQ >0.3 mg/kg excluded
HMI baseline position
Limited data · HMI uncooked-grain Pb reference · 1 sampling family. Mean as reported: 50.8 µg/kg. HMI median 25; Q1 25; Q3 25 µg/kg. 1 family. Too few reference units.
Only 1 reference unit is available; at least four are required by this descriptive display rule.
This finding’s sampling family contributes to the fixed reference.
Sensitivity to weighting
Equal subgroup weight within each family: Limited data. The position remains unresolved under this alternative. This check does not address all sampling, rounding or analytical uncertainty.
Collection period
2003–2008
No year-by-year sample register is reconstructed from this summary.
Geographic scope
EU Member State monitoring
All samples in the study.
Sampling, analysis and reporting limits
mixed laboratory methods (AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS); results with LOD >0.1 or LOQ >0.3 mg/kg excluded.
69.6 % of rice results <LOD/LOQ; LB sets results below LOD/LOQ to zero, UB sets them to the respective limit (GEMS/Food, Section 5.4); results with LOD >0.1 mg/kg or LOQ >0.3 mg/kg excluded
Shared samples and study overlap
Subgroup rows, statistics of the same subgroup and the study total share samples; they are not independent results.
Each table row describes a food/analyte result. Repeated rows do not add independent samples or datasets. No cross-study trend is calculated in this comparison mode.
Reported values, conversion and source locator
| Source statistic | Original result | Displayed unit conversion |
|---|---|---|
| mean | UB 0.0508 | mg/kg x 1000 |
Section 5.4, Table 5 'Statistical description of concentrations of lead for food category 01. Cereal and cereal products' in mg/kg, row 'Rice', EFSA Journal 2010;8(4):1570 p. 35; category definition Appendix A '01B_4. Rice = Rice and rice products'.
No moisture, cooking-yield or species conversion is applied to the original finding above. Any basis conversion used for its HMI comparison is stated separately with the numerical target.
Open the primary publication · HMI source record
Reference and scope
HMI uncooked-grain Pb reference · 1 sampling family. Uncooked grain as analysed (native or unstated moisture), µg/kg. Distribution of subgroup median concentration values.
| Reference (µg/kg) | Q1 | Median | Q3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary HMI reference | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Alternative weighting | 25 | 25 | 25 |
1 reference units; 1 sampling family. Counts describe evidence units, not independent studies or certainty.
| Contributing family | Reference units | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| EFSA 2010 | 1 | 100% |
Methods
HMI pools subgroup medians from every compatible rice sampling family in the evidence ledger for this analyte, material and basis: published subgroup medians, medians HMI calculates from printed per-sample values and WHO GEMS/Food region-by-year medians (random sampling only). Each family has equal total weight; subgroups have equal weight within a family. Non-detects stay as zero-to-limit intervals, so quartiles carry lower and upper bounds. Means, ranges and maxima never enter as observations. Dry-weight, native-moisture and cooked results are kept in separate references; no moisture conversion is assumed.
Inverse weighted empirical CDF; midpoint at exact cumulative-weight boundaries. At least four reference units and a definitely positive Q1–Q3 spread are required. This is a display eligibility rule, not statistical validation.
Limitations
An evidence-library reference, not a probability sample of the world rice market. Sampling families differ in frame (retail, farm, contaminated sites, monitoring) and period; GEMS/Food regions are reporting regions, not growing origins. Many submissions are non-detects with differing limits, which widens the bounds. This is the only compatible family for this scope in the completed rice ledger; a single-family reference cannot represent other markets. A position is descriptive concentration, not a safety or compliance judgment.
Admitted source families
Reference version and interpretation
Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.
hmi-pooled-reference-v2:rice-native-mixed-rice-grain-and-rice-products-Pb:3b97747208b2
The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.