Rice finding 696
Source evidence and comparison details for the Rice profile.
Polished (white) market rice · Cadmium (Cd) · 2270 rice samples.
Selected finding and reference
2270 rice samples. Basis: freeze-dried grain (dry weight).
Values below the LoD (9.8 ug/kg) were assigned 1/2 LoD = 4.9 ug/kg by the source; earlier-survey values below 4.9 were also set to 4.9. A printed 4.9 is therefore a non-detect bounded 0-9.8 ug/kg, not a measured value. Minimum is censored (<4.9), so min_ug_kg left null.
HMI baseline position
Limited data: The source reports a range, percentile or extreme value; only a mean, median or sample result can be positioned against a reference. Missing evidence never means low contamination.
The source reports a range, percentile or extreme value; only a mean, median or sample result can be positioned against a reference.
Reference version and interpretation
Frozen evidence selection: 2026-10-22. Method: hmi-pooled-reference-v2.
No admitted reference
The reference is computed by HMI from admitted evidence, not copied from a study baseline. It describes the evidence currently in this scope; it is not a worldwide or current-lot benchmark. Source, year and region filters do not change it. Different HMI scopes are not one common ranking.
Collection period
Collection date unreported
No year-by-year sample register is reconstructed from this summary.
Geographic scope
Global (32 countries)
All samples in the study.
Sampling, analysis and reporting limits
Freeze-dried, milled; HNO3/H2O2 microwave digestion (CEM MARS 6); Cd by ICP-MS (Thermo iCAP-Q), Rh internal standard (new batch). Earlier surveys per Williams et al. 2007 and Meharg et al. 2013..
Values below the LoD (9.8 ug/kg) were assigned 1/2 LoD = 4.9 ug/kg by the source; earlier-survey values below 4.9 were also set to 4.9. A printed 4.9 is therefore a non-detect bounded 0-9.8 ug/kg, not a measured value. Minimum is censored (<4.9), so min_ug_kg left null.
Shared samples and study overlap
Subgroup rows, statistics of the same subgroup and the study total share samples; they are not independent results.
Each table row describes a food/analyte result. Repeated rows do not add independent samples or datasets. No cross-study trend is calculated in this comparison mode.
Reported values, conversion and source locator
| Source statistic | Original result | Displayed unit conversion |
|---|---|---|
| range | cadmium in white rice varied from < 4.9 to 3712 μg/kg | none |
Results, p.871.
No moisture, cooking-yield or species conversion is applied to the original finding above. Any basis conversion used for its HMI comparison is stated separately with the numerical target.